CATTI 二级笔译每日练习

2026-09-12 · 星期六
今日主题:职业教育与技能人才

一、中译英

中文原文
职业教育是培养技术技能人才、促进就业创业的重要途径。要深化产教融合、校企合作,完善职业教育体系,让更多青年凭借一技之长实现人生价值,让三百六十行人才荟萃、繁星璀璨。
参考译文
Vocational education is a vital pathway for cultivating skilled technical talent and promoting employment and entrepreneurship. We should deepen the integration of industry and education and the collaboration between schools and enterprises, improve the vocational education system, enable more young people to realize their life value through a single professional skill, and let the myriad trades brim with talent like a sky full of bright stars.

二、英译中

英文原文
Germany's dual system combines classroom learning with paid on-the-job training, allowing students to earn while they learn. Employers help design the curriculum, so graduates already match the needs of the labor market. As a result, youth unemployment stays low and the country keeps a strong backbone of skilled workers.
参考译文
德国的双元制将课堂学习与企业带薪实训相结合,让学生一边学习一边挣钱。雇主参与设计课程,因此毕业生已契合劳动力市场的需求。结果,青年失业率保持在低位,国家也维系了一支坚实的技术工人骨干。

三、重点词汇讲解

▎中译英重点词汇

中文英文例句
职业教育vocational educationDevelop vocational education. (发展职业教育。)
技术技能人才skilled technical talentCultivate skilled technical talent. (培养技术技能人才。)
产教融合integration of industry and educationDeepen integration of industry and education. (深化产教融合。)
校企合作school-enterprise collaborationPromote school-enterprise collaboration. (推进校企合作。)
就业创业employment and entrepreneurshipBoost employment and entrepreneurship. (促进就业创业。)
一技之长a professional skillRealize value through a professional skill. (凭一技之长实现价值。)
人生价值life valueRealize one's life value. (实现人生价值。)
三百六十行the myriad trades / all walks of lifeTalent across the myriad trades. (三百六十行人才荟萃。)

▎英译中重点词汇

英文中文例句
dual system双元制Germany's dual system. (德国的双元制。)
on-the-job training在岗实训,带薪培训Paid on-the-job training. (带薪实训。)
curriculum课程体系,课程Design the curriculum. (设计课程。)
labor market劳动力市场Match the labor market. (契合劳动力市场。)
youth unemployment青年失业率Keep youth unemployment low. (保持青年失业率低位。)
skilled workers技术工人A backbone of skilled workers. (技术工人骨干。)
backbone骨干,支柱A strong backbone of talent. (坚实的人才骨干。)
earn while they learn边学边赚Students earn while they learn. (学生边学边赚。)

四、翻译技巧:语序调整 Inversion

语序调整 Inversion

📖 定义

中英语序差异显著:中文多主谓宾顺叙、修饰语前置;英文常因焦点、强调、衔接或修辞需要而调整语序(状语提前、宾语前置、分裂句、倒装等)。汉译英时须打破中文「顺序对应」习惯,按英文信息结构重组;英译汉时则常将前置/后置修饰归位为中文自然语序,或将倒装还原。

🎯 适用场景

汉→英 状语提前:时间/条件/地点状语提至句首,营造节奏或承接上文。

汉→英 焦点前置:用 it is…that、what 从句或被动将信息中心前移。

英→汉 后置定语归位:英文长定语后置,中文前置或拆为独立分句。

英→汉 倒装还原:英文否定/only/地点倒装,还原为汉语顺叙。

示例1:汉→英 状语提前

原文:让更多青年凭借一技之长实现人生价值。

译文:…enable more young people to realize their life value through a single professional skill.

说明:把方式状语 through a single professional skill 后置到句末焦点位,比硬放『凭借…』于动词前更符合英文尾重原则。

示例2:汉→英 焦点前置(被动)

原文:雇主参与设计课程,因此毕业生已契合需求。

译文:Employers help design the curriculum, so graduates already match the needs…

说明:英文以 employers 作主语前置,把『谁设计』这一焦点放在句首,比『课程被雇主设计』更自然有力。

示例3:英→汉 后置定语归位

原文:…a strong backbone of skilled workers.

译文:一支坚实的技术工人骨干。

说明:英文 of 短语后置,中文将『技术工人的』前置修饰『骨干』,回归汉语定语在前的习惯。

示例4:英→汉 倒装还原

原文:Only by listening to this change can brands win loyalty.

译文:只有倾听这一变化,品牌才能赢得忠诚。

说明:英文 only 倒装(can brands)还原为汉语『只有…才』顺叙,不保留倒装结构。

先抓信息中心:弄清句子要强调的是谁/什么,再决定语序。

莫字对字硬翻:中文顺叙≠英文顺叙,hěn 多需重组。

英文重形合衔接:状语位置常为节奏与连贯服务。

英译汉归位:后置修饰与倒装大多要还原为中文自然顺序。