CATTI 二级笔译每日练习

2026-09-05 · 星期六
今日主题:健康中国

一、中译英

中文原文
人民健康是民族昌盛和国家富强的重要标志。党的十八大以来,我国坚持把人民健康放在优先发展的战略地位,加快推进健康中国建设。我们持续深化医药卫生体制改革,优化医疗资源布局,推动优质医疗资源扩容下沉,努力让人民群众在家门口就能看好病、享受优质医疗服务。
参考译文
The people's health is an important indicator of national prosperity and revitalization. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China has consistently given strategic priority to public health, accelerating the building of a Healthy China. We have continuously deepened the reform of the medical and healthcare system, optimized the distribution of medical resources, and promoted the expansion and downward shift of quality medical resources, striving to enable people to access good care and quality services close to home.

二、英译中

英文原文
A healthy population is the foundation of a prosperous society. Yet in many places, hospitals are crowded while clinics in rural areas lack basic equipment. Bridging this gap requires not only money, but also a redesign of how care is delivered. Countries that invest early in prevention usually spend less on treatment later, and their citizens live longer, healthier lives.
参考译文
健康的人口是繁荣社会的基础。然而在许多地方,医院人满为患,而农村地区的诊所却缺乏基本设备。弥合这一差距所需的不仅是资金,更需要对医疗供给方式的重新设计。及早投资预防的国家,后期的治疗支出通常更少,其国民也更长寿、更健康。

三、重点词汇讲解

▎中译英重点词汇

中文英文例句
人民健康people's health / public healthThe people's health is a top priority. (人民健康是重中之重。)
民族昌盛national prosperity and revitalizationIt signals national prosperity. (它标志着民族昌盛。)
健康中国Healthy China (initiative)We build a Healthy China. (我们建设健康中国。)
医药卫生体制medical and healthcare systemReform the medical and healthcare system. (改革医药卫生体制。)
医疗资源medical resourcesOptimize medical resources. (优化医疗资源布局。)
扩容下沉expansion and downward shiftPromote the expansion and downward shift of care. (推动优质资源扩容下沉。)
战略地位strategic priority / standingGive it strategic priority. (置于战略地位。)
优质医疗服务quality medical servicesEnjoy quality medical services. (享受优质医疗服务。)

▎英译中重点词汇

英文中文例句
a healthy population健康的人口A healthy population is the base. (健康的人口是基础。)
prosperous society繁荣社会Foundation of a prosperous society. (繁荣社会的根基。)
rural clinics农村诊所Rural clinics lack equipment. (农村诊所缺设备。)
bridge the gap弥合差距We must bridge the gap. (须弥合差距。)
prevention预防Invest in prevention early. (及早投资预防。)
delivery of care医疗供给 / 服务提供Redesign the delivery of care. (重新设计医疗供给。)
treatment治疗Spend less on treatment. (减少治疗支出。)
citizens国民,公民Their citizens live longer. (其国民更长寿。)

四、翻译技巧:分译与合译 Combination / Division & Combination

分译与合译 Combination / Division & Combination

📖 定义

分译(splitting)指将原文一句拆为译文多句,或把一个长修饰成分独立成句;合译(combination)指将原文数句合并为一句,或把零散短句压缩为复合句。汉英互译里,中文多流水短句、意合铺陈,英文重形合与树状结构,二者节奏不同,常需分译或合译来贴合目标语习惯,而非字对字对应。

🎯 适用场景

汉→英 合译:中文数句并列短句,英文可用连词/分词合并为一句,避免 choppy。

英→汉 分译:英文带长定语从句或同位语,中文若硬塞定语会臃肿,宜拆为独立分句。

汉→英 分译:中文一个长句含多个动词,英文可断为分句,各自配主语。

英→汉 合译:英文多个简单句围绕同一主语,中文可合为一句流水。

示例1:汉→英 合译(短句并一句)

原文:我们持续深化改革,优化资源布局,推动资源下沉。

译文:We have deepened the reform, optimized the distribution of resources, and promoted their downward shift.

说明:三个中文短句共用主语「我们」,英文用 and 并列三个谓语合为一句,节奏紧凑、逻辑一脉,比逐句译更自然。

示例2:英→汉 分译(长定语拆句)

原文:Countries that invest early in prevention usually spend less on treatment later.

译文:及早投资预防的国家,后期的治疗支出通常更少。

说明:英文 that 定语从句紧贴 countries,中文若译「及早投资预防的国家的后期治疗支出通常更少」则定语过长;拆为「……的国家,后期……更少」两个短句,读来清爽。

示例3:汉→英 分译(一长轴为多句)

原文:人民健康是重要标志。我国坚持把健康放优先地位,加快推进健康中国建设。

译文:The people's health is an important indicator. Since the 18th Congress, China has given priority to public health, accelerating a Healthy China.

说明:中文用句号断为两句,英文顺势分译:前句下判断,后句述行动,层次分明,避免一句塞满。

示例4:英→汉 合译(多句合一)

原文:Hospitals are crowded. Rural clinics lack equipment. This gap needs money and redesign.

译文:医院人满为患,而农村诊所却缺乏设备;弥合这一差距既需资金,也需重新设计。

说明:三句英文围绕「医疗资源不均」同一话题,中文用「而/既…也」合为一句流水,信息密度高、连贯性强。

分合看主语与话题:同主语、同话题可合;换主语或换层次宜分。

英→汉先找定语尾巴:that/which 长定语,先想「能不能前置」,不能就拆句。

汉→英防碎句:中文短句过多时,主动用 and/while/分词合并,提升连贯。

分合不损义:无论断句还是并句,信息点一个不能少。