CATTI 二级笔译每日练习

2026-08-29 · 星期六
今日主题:一带一路与对外开放

一、中译英

中文原文
共建「一带一路」是推动构建人类命运共同体的重要实践平台。十余年来,中国与共建国家持续推进政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通和民心相通,为世界经济增长开辟了新空间。今后,中国将坚持高水平对外开放,推动共建「一带一路」高质量发展,让合作成果更好惠及各国人民。
参考译文
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an important practical platform for building a community with a shared future for mankind. Over the past decade and more, China and its partner countries have continuously advanced policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds, opening up new space for global economic growth. Going forward, China will stay committed to high-level opening-up, promote the high-quality development of the BRI, and ensure that the fruits of cooperation better benefit people of all countries.

二、英译中

英文原文
Openness has been a defining feature of China's development. By joining global supply chains and welcoming foreign investment, the country has lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty and become an engine of world trade. Yet openness is not a one-way street: as Chinese firms invest abroad and consumers buy from around the world, the benefits flow both ways. The challenge ahead is to keep markets open while managing fair competition.
参考译文
开放一直是中国发展的鲜明特征。通过融入全球供应链、欢迎外商投资,中国让数亿人摆脱贫困,并成为世界贸易的引擎。然而,开放不是单行道:随着中国企业对外投资、消费者从全球采购,收益是双向流动的。未来的挑战在于,在保持市场开放的同时妥善管理公平竞争。

三、重点词汇讲解

▎中译英重点词汇

中文英文例句
人类命运共同体a community with a shared future for mankindThe BRI builds a community with a shared future for mankind. (「一带一路」致力于构建人类命运共同体。)
政策沟通policy coordinationWe advance policy coordination with partners. (我们与伙伴推进政策沟通。)
设施联通infrastructure connectivityInfrastructure connectivity links the region. (设施联通联通了整个区域。)
贸易畅通unimpeded tradeThe goal is unimpeded trade. (目标是实现贸易畅通。)
资金融通financial integrationFinancial integration supports projects. (资金融通为项目提供支持。)
民心相通people-to-people bondsPeople-to-people bonds deepen friendship. (民心相通加深了友谊。)
高水平对外开放high-level opening-upChina stays committed to high-level opening-up. (中国坚持高水平对外开放。)
惠及benefit / bring benefits toCooperation should benefit all peoples. (合作应惠及各国人民。)

▎英译中重点词汇

英文中文例句
the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)一带一路倡议The Belt and Road Initiative drives connectivity. (一带一路倡议推动互联互通。)
partner countries合作伙伴国China and its partner countries cooperate. (中国与合作伙伴国开展合作。)
global supply chains全球供应链Firms joined global supply chains. (企业融入了全球供应链。)
foreign investment外商投资The country welcomes foreign investment. (该国欢迎外商投资。)
a defining feature鲜明特征,决定性特征Openness is a defining feature. (开放是一大鲜明特征。)
one-way street单行道(比喻单向受益)Openness is not a one-way street. (开放不是单行道。)
benefits flow both ways收益双向流动Here benefits flow both ways. (在此收益双向流动。)
fair competition公平竞争We must manage fair competition. (我们必须管理好公平竞争。)

四、翻译技巧:正反表达 Negation

正反表达 Negation

📖 定义

正反表达指在同一语义场里,用「正面说」与「反面说」两种角度处理同一概念:正向可用肯定式、显性词,反向可用否定式、隐性词(not / no / without / fail to 等)。汉英转换中,中文常正面陈述,英文却常以否定兜转;反之亦然。核心是「正反互换而不换义」——用否定承载肯定信息,或用肯定消解否定信息,使行文更地道、重点更突出。

🎯 适用场景

汉→英 正说反译:中文肯定(坚持/确保)在英文用否定结构更自然,如 not only…but、without、fail to。

汉→英 反说正译:中文含「不/无/未」的否定意,英文改用肯定词(absent→没有的;free of→无…的)。

英→汉 正说反译:英文肯定(a one-way street 的否定语境)转中文否定「不是单行道」。

英→汉 反说正译:英文否定(not a one-way street)译为肯定式反义「双向」,避免生硬「不是一个单行道」。

示例1:汉→英 正说反译(否定更自然)

原文:今后,中国将坚持高水平对外开放,推动……高质量发展,让合作成果更好惠及各国人民。

译文:…and ensure that the fruits of cooperation better benefit people of all countries.

说明:中文「让……惠及」是正面使役,英文用 ensure that + 肯定 benefit 承接;若直译 make…benefit 也行,但 ensure that 以「确保不落空」的反向兜底语气,更贴官方外宣习惯。

示例2:汉→英 否定承载肯定(without / fail to)

原文:通过融入全球供应链、欢迎外商投资,中国让数亿人摆脱贫困……

译文:By joining global supply chains and welcoming foreign investment, China has lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty…

说明:「摆脱贫困」正面义,英文用 lift…out of(out of 含否定空间)表达;同理可用 free from。正反同义,选最简洁者。

示例3:英→汉 反说正译(not a one-way street)

原文:Yet openness is not a one-way street: … the benefits flow both ways.

译文:然而,开放不是单行道:……收益是双向流动的。

说明:英文 not a one-way street 表面否定,中文若译「不是一个单行道」拗口,转为「不是单行道」已含正反,再用「双向流动」正面收束,正反呼应、干净利落。

示例4:英→汉 肯定消解否定(避免双重否定腔)

原文:The challenge ahead is to keep markets open while managing fair competition.

译文:未来的挑战在于,在保持市场开放的同时妥善管理公平竞争。

说明:managing 为肯定分词,承接 keep open 的肯定语境;若硬加「不失控地管理」即画蛇添足。正反表达的关键是不为否定而否定,能正说清就正说。

正为常、反为变:默认正向陈述,否定只在「更顺/更强调/更外宣」时使用。

勿双重否定腔:中文忌「不无/非不」叠用,英文 not uncommon 可,中文宜转「颇为常见」。

反译要保义:换正反绝不换意思,out of poverty = 摆脱贫困,不可漏「摆脱」。

官方外宣偏好:中文多四字肯定,英译常以 ensure/without/free of 等反向兜底,读来更稳。