CATTI 二级笔译每日练习

2026-08-23 · 星期日
今日主题:数字政府

一、中译英

中文原文
数字政府建设是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要举措。通过数据共享和业务协同,政府部门能够更高效地为群众和企业提供服务。近年来,越来越多的政务服务实现「网上办、掌上办、一次办」,群众办事的便利度显著提升。我们要加快数字技术应用,推动政务服务从「能办」向「好办」转变。
参考译文
The building of a digital government is a key measure for advancing the modernization of the state governance system and capacity. Through data sharing and business coordination, government departments can provide services to the public and enterprises more efficiently. In recent years, a growing number of government services have been made available online, on mobile devices and in a single visit, and the ease with which the public accesses services has risen markedly. We must accelerate the application of digital technologies and shift government services from being 'doable' to being 'easy to do'.

二、英译中

英文原文
Digital government is being built not to replace human officials but to make public services fairer and faster. In many cities, applications are submitted online, appointments are confirmed by text message, and files are checked automatically before a clerk ever sees them. Privacy, however, remains a concern: personal data is collected in huge amounts, and if it is not protected well, citizens' trust can be lost. Experts argue that transparency about how data is used is the only way to keep the system honest.
参考译文
数字政府正在建设之中,其目的不是取代公职人员,而是让公共服务更公平、更迅捷。在许多城市,申请在线提交,预约以短信确认,文件在办事员看到之前就已被自动核验。然而隐私仍令人担忧:个人数据被海量收集,若保护不善,公民的信任就会丧失。专家主张,对数据如何被使用保持透明,是维持这一系统诚信的唯一途径。

三、重点词汇讲解

▎中译英重点词汇

中文英文例句
数字政府digital governmentThe digital government improves services. (数字政府改善服务。)
国家治理体系与治理能力现代化modernization of the state governance system and capacityThis advances the modernization of the state governance system and capacity. (这推进国家治理体系与治理能力现代化。)
数据共享data sharingThrough data sharing, efficiency rises. (通过数据共享提升效率。)
业务协同business coordinationBusiness coordination links departments. (==业务协同~~联通各部门。)
政务服务government servicesMore government services go online. (更多政务服务上线。)
网上办、掌上办、一次办available online, on mobile, in a single visitServices are available online, on mobile, in a single visit. (服务实现网上办、掌上办、一次办。)
便利度ease of access / convenienceThe ease of access has risen. (==便利度~~显著提升。)
数字技术应用application of digital technologiesWe speed up the application of digital technologies. (我们加快数字技术应用。)

▎英译中重点词汇

英文中文例句
human officials公职人员,公务员It won't replace human officials. (它不会取代==公职人员~~。)
public services公共服务Make public services faster. (让==公共服务~~更迅捷。)
applications are submitted申请被提交Applications are submitted online. (==申请被提交~~于线上。)
appointments are confirmed预约被确认Appointments are confirmed by text. (==预约被确认~~以短信。)
personal data个人数据Personal data is collected hugely. (==个人数据~~被海量收集。)
citizens' trust公民信任Citizens' trust can be lost. (==公民信任~~可能丧失。)
transparency透明度Transparency keeps the system honest. (==透明度~~维持系统诚信。)
keep the system honest维持系统诚信We must keep the system honest. (我们必须维持系统诚信。)

四、翻译技巧:被动语态 Passive voice

被动语态 Passive voice

📖 定义

被动语态指以动作的承受者作主语,用「be + 过去分词」结构表达,强调受事而非施事。汉英转换中,被动极常见:汉语多用「被/受/遭/由/为…所」或无主语句隐含被动,英语则大量使用被动以显客观、避主观。处理被动的核心原则是「顺其自然」——目标语哪里自然就用哪里,不必逐字对应「被」字。

🎯 适用场景

汉→英 无主语句转被动:汉语「实现/提高/重视」常无主语,英译补出受事主语并用被动(have been made / is stressed)。

英→汉 被动转无主语句:英语 are submitted / is confirmed,汉译常省「被」,用「申请在线提交」更自然。

英→汉 保留被动:确需强调受动或受损时用「被/遭」,如信任被丧失不通则转主动。

汉→英 被动显化:原文「转变」隐含服务被转变,英译用 being done 显化,避免主语错配。

示例1:汉→英 无主语句转被动

原文:近年来,越来越多的政务服务实现「网上办、掌上办、一次办」,群众办事的便利度显著提升。

译文:In recent years, a growing number of government services have been made available online, on mobile devices and in a single visit…

说明:汉语无主语「实现」,英译补出 services 作主语并用被动 have been made available,既合语法又显客观,是汉→英被动的典型套路。

示例2:英→汉 被动转无主语句

原文:In many cities, applications are submitted online, appointments are confirmed by text message…

译文:在许多城市,申请在线提交,预约以短信确认……

说明:英语被动 are submitted / are confirmed,汉译省去「被」字,用「申请在线提交」无主语句承接,自然不生硬;硬加「被」反而翻译腔。

示例3:英→汉 受损义被动转主动

原文:…and if it is not protected well, citizens' trust can be lost.

译文:…若保护不善,公民的信任就会丧失。

说明:can be lost 表「信任受损」,汉译用「丧失」主动化;「被丧失」不通,故转主动。仅在确需强调受动时保留「被」。

示例4:汉→英 被动含义显化

原文:我们要加快数字技术应用,推动政务服务从「能办」向「好办」转变。

译文:We must accelerate the application of digital technologies and shift government services from being 'doable' to being 'easy to do'.

说明:原文「转变」隐含服务「被转变」,英译用 shift … from being … to being … 显化被动含义,避免直译 turn 造成主语错配。

受事优先则被动:当要突出动作承受者或施事不明,用被动最自然。

英→汉少「被」多无主:中文被动字包袱重,多数英语被动可译为无主语句或主动。

受损/遭变才显「被」:被批评、被破坏等负面受动才保留「被/遭」。

勿强转:目标语本就用主动更顺时,不必硬套被动;被动只为消除别扭与突出受事。