← 返回课件列表

📈 雅思写作强化课第1课

小作文入门 · 线图(Line Graph) · 变化趋势描述 + 数据归类与总结

强化课 1/8 · 小作文第一讲
🔥
先认识小作文:Task 1 到底考什么?
🎯 从今天起,我们进入强化阶段——正式开练小作文(Task 1)。前四次课分别攻克四类图表,第一讲就是线图(Line Graph)。线图是最能体现"随时间变化"的图,考的就是一件事——你能不能把"变化趋势"说清楚、分好类、总结好。这也正是今天的两大重点。
小作文(Task 1)三件事,先记牢
项目要求
字数至少 150 词(建议 160–190,别超太多)
时间建议 20 分钟写完(把 40 分钟留给大作文)
任务客观描述图表信息 + 抓主要特征做对比,不要写观点、不要分析原因
⚠️ 小作文最大误区:把它写成议论文。Task 1 只描述"图上有什么"——趋势、对比、极值、总结。你的看法一个字都不要写。
小作文的"四段骨架"(今天先建立框架感)
1️⃣ Introduction 引言:把题目换句话说一遍(改写,别抄原句)
2️⃣ Overview 总体概述最重要的一段!用 2–3 句说清整体大趋势、最高最低(不写具体数字
3️⃣ Body 1 细节主体段:按分组,用数据描述一部分线的趋势
4️⃣ Body 2 细节主体段:描述另一组线的趋势 + 对比
👉 今天课堂练习只写一个主体段(Body),把趋势句练熟,不要求整篇。整篇下节课起逐步拼。
先看一张线图,感受"要描述什么"

题目:The graph below shows the percentage of households with internet access in three countries between 2000 and 2020.(三国家庭互联网普及率)

0 20 40 60 80 100 Households (%) 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
USA South Korea Mexico
🤔 看图先想三件事(中文想一遍就行):
① 三条线整体是升还是降? ② 谁一直最高 / 最低?有没有"反超(交叉)"? ③ 到 2020 年,谁接近饱和、谁还在追?
这三问的答案,就是后面 Overview 段的骨架。带着这张图,我们开始补"武器"。
📚
趋势词汇库①:上升 / 下降 / 平稳 / 波动 / 极值
💡 线图的命根子就是这批"趋势词"。大部分同学只会 increase / decrease / go up / go down,翻来覆去用,LR(词汇分)永远卡 5–6。今天一次性把"上升、下降、平稳、波动、达峰触底"五大类动词 + 名词都补齐,考试直接换着用。
先记加粗的高频款,其余作升级储备。
① 上升类(动词)— 由缓到猛
强度动词例句
一般rise / increase / grow / go up / climbThe figure rose steadily over the period.
较强surge / jump / leap / escalateSales surged after 2010.
猛烈soar / rocket / skyrocketThe number soared to a peak in 2020.
📌 climb / soar / rocket 自带"力度",后面常不再加 sharply(否则重复);rise / increase 则要靠副词表力度(rise sharply)。
② 下降类(动词)— 由缓到猛
强度动词例句
一般fall / decrease / decline / drop / go down / dipThe percentage fell gradually.
较强slump / sink / tumbleProfits slumped in 2015.
猛烈plummet / plunge / collapse / crashThe figure plummeted to its lowest point.
📌 dip = 小幅短暂下降后又回升("点一下头");plummet / plunge = 断崖式暴跌,自带"猛",不再加 sharply。
③ 平稳 / ④ 波动 / ⑤ 达峰触底
类型表达例句
③ 平稳不变remain stable / steady / constant / unchanged;level off;plateau;stabilise;stay the sameThe figure remained stable at around 50%. | After 2015 it levelled off.
④ 波动fluctuate;vary;rise and fall;show fluctuationsPrices fluctuated between 40 and 60.
⑤ 达到峰值peak at;reach a peak / a high;hit the highest pointIt peaked at 90% in 2020.
⑤ 跌至谷底bottom out;reach a low / a trough;hit the lowest pointIt bottomed out at 5% in 2003.
⚠️ level off ≠ fall:level off 是"由升/降转为持平",不是下降。别把"趋于平稳"写成"下降"。
⑥ 名词形式(写"There be / see a ___"句型必备)
方向名词例句
上升a rise / an increase / a growth / a surge / a jump / an upward trendThere was a sharp rise in internet use.
下降a fall / a decrease / a decline / a drop / a downward trendThe country saw a steady decline in car use.
波动a fluctuationThere were slight fluctuations throughout.
🔑 动词 ⇄ 名词,随时能互换,这是拉开句式的关键:
· 动词句:Internet use rose sharply.(主语 + 动词 + 副词)
· 名词句:There was a sharp rise in internet use.(副词 → 形容词)
两句意思一样,考场里交替使用,句式立刻丰富。
🎚️
程度与幅度:变化"多快、多大"怎么说
光有"升/降"还不够,考官要看你能不能说清"变化幅度"。同一个 rise,配不同的词,画面完全不同。副词修饰动词、形容词修饰名词,成对记最省力
副词(修饰动词)+ 形容词(修饰名词)对照表
幅度副词(rise ___)形容词(a ___ rise)
大 / 快sharply · dramatically · rapidly · steeply · markedly · substantially · considerably · significantlysharp · dramatic · rapid · steep · marked · substantial · considerable · significant
中等 / 平稳steadily · gradually · moderately · consistentlysteady · gradual · moderate · consistent
小 / 慢slightly · marginally · minimallyslight · marginal · minimal
📌 位置别放错:
· 副词跟在动词后:The figure rose sharply.(不是 sharply rose)
· 形容词放名词前:There was a sharp rise.
易错重灾区:by / to / at 三个介词别用混
描述数字时,这三个介词考官盯得最紧:
· rise / fall + to + 终点值:升/降多少 → It rose to 90%.(结果是 90%)
· rise / fall + by + 变化量:升/降了多少It rose by 20%.(增加了 20 个点)
· stand / remain / peak + at + 某点值:停在/达到某It peaked at 90%. / It stood at 50%.
🚫 最常见错:rose to 20%(本想说"增加了20"却写成"升到20")——意思完全反了。
幅度进阶:倍数与量级
表达含义例句
double / triple / quadruple翻倍 / 三倍 / 四倍The figure doubled from 20% to 40%.
halve减半Sales halved over the decade.
a X-fold increaseX 倍的增长There was a threefold increase in users.
🧩
趋势描述四大句型(一个趋势,四种写法)
💡 GRA(语法分)靠的是句式变化。同样一件事"互联网普及率 2000–2010 大幅上升",下面四种句型换着写,段落立刻不单调。四种都要会,考场轮流用。
句型1:主语 + 动词 + 副词(最基础)
结构The percentage of households rose sharply from 25% to 65% between 2000 and 2010.
句型2:There + be + a + 形容词 + 名词 + in(名词化)
结构There was a sharp rise in the percentage of households with internet access between 2000 and 2010.
句型3:主语 + see / experience / witness / undergo + a + 形容词 + 名词(高分款)
结构The USA saw a sharp rise in internet access, from 25% to 65%.
The period witnessed a dramatic increase in household connectivity.
📌 主语可以是国家、时期、地点The country / The decade / The city + saw / witnessed a ... in ...——考官很爱这种"物做主语"的地道写法。
句型4:形容词 + 名词 作主语 + 动词(倒过来写)
结构A sharp rise was recorded in internet access between 2000 and 2010.
A steady decline occurred in the figure for Mexico before 2005.
时间与连接:把句子"串"起来
功能表达
时间区间between 2000 and 2010 | from 2000 to 2010 | over the period | over the two decades | during this period
某一年in 2020 | by 2020(到2020年为止)
先后顺序initially | subsequently | thereafter | from then on | in the following years
接着 / 随后变化before + 动名词 | after which | followed by + 名词(… rose to 60%, followed by a slight fall)
✂️ 一句话四种写法·合并示范(同一趋势)
趋势:South Korea 的普及率 2000–2010 从 15% 猛增到 80%

South Korea's figure surged from 15% to 80% between 2000 and 2010.
There was a dramatic increase in South Korea's figure, from 15% to 80%.
South Korea saw a dramatic rise in internet access over the decade.
A dramatic rise was recorded in South Korea between 2000 and 2010.
🗂️
数据归类分类 + Overview 总结(拉开分数的地方)
💡 很多同学线图只会"一条线一条线流水账",5.5 封顶。7 分的关键是两个动作:① 会归类(把线分组) ② 会总结(写好 Overview)。这一模块就是本课的第二个核心。
第一步:数据归类——把线"分组",别一条条流水账
看到多条线,先按趋势分组,再分段落写。常见三种分组逻辑:
分组方式怎么归用回我们的图
按方向上升的归一组,下降的归一组三国都上升 → 但可按"快 vs 慢"再分
按快慢增长猛的一组,增长缓的一组USA & South Korea(猛)| Mexico(缓)
按高低 / 反超谁一直高、谁反超、谁垫底South Korea 后来反超 USA;Mexico 始终最低
本图归类结论
· A 组(增长强劲,接近饱和):South Korea + USA——都升到 90% 以上,且 South Korea 中途反超。
· B 组(增长平缓,始终垫底):Mexico——虽持续上升,但 2020 年仍只有 60%。
👉 主体段就照这两组写:Body 1 写 A 组,Body 2 写 B 组 + 对比。
第二步:写 Overview——全文最重要的 2–3 句
Overview 只说"大方向",回答三个问题(记住这三问就能写):
1️⃣ 整体升还是降? 2️⃣ 谁最高 / 最低? 3️⃣ 有没有反超 / 交叉 / 明显差距
⚠️ Overview 里不写具体数字!具体数字全部留到主体段。
开头信号词
Overall, ...Overall, internet access rose in all three countries over the period.
It is clear that ...It is clear that South Korea eventually overtook the USA.
In general, ...In general, Mexico remained the lowest throughout.
本图 Overview 范例(背下这三句的骨架):
Overall, household internet access increased in all three countries between 2000 and 2020. It is clear that South Korea and the USA rose to over 90%, with South Korea overtaking the USA around 2010, whereas Mexico remained the lowest throughout despite steady growth.

👆 三句话 = 整体升(问1)+ 谁最高谁反超(问2、3)+ whereas 带出垫底的(分组对比),全程没有一个具体数字。

第三步:主体段——归类后填"数据+趋势词"
Overview 定框架,主体段填细节。每段 = 分组主题句 + 趋势句(带数字) + 对比/收尾
举 A 组 Body 示范:
The USA and South Korea experienced the most significant growth. The US figure climbed steadily from 25% in 2000 to 90% in 2020. More dramatically, South Korea surged from just 15% to nearly 100%, overtaking the USA around 2010.
✍️
趋势句控制练习(选词 · 挖空 · 中译英)
📌 先在"控制"里把词用对,再进"自由"写作。下面题目点一点就能自查。
Part A · 选出正确的介词 / 词(小测)

Q1. The figure rose ____ 90% in 2020.(升"到"90%)

A. to
B. by
C. at

Q2. Sales increased ____ 20%(增加"了"20个百分点)

A. to
B. by
C. in

Q3. 想表达"猛跌到谷底",下面哪个动词最准?

A. dipped
B. plummeted
C. levelled off

Q4. "此后趋于平稳"最地道的是?

A. It fell after that.
B. It levelled off thereafter.
C. It peaked after that.
Part B · 挖空填词(点击显示答案)

👉 先自己想,再点橙色块看答案。

1. 平稳上升:The figure rose steadily / gradually.
2. 名词句:There was a sharp / dramatic rise in the number of users.
3. 达峰:It peaked at 90% in 2020.
4. 物做主语:The USA saw / experienced a steady increase in internet access.
5. 总结句开头:Overall, all three figures increased over the period.
6. 反超:South Korea overtook the USA around 2010.
Part C · 中译英(趋势句 ×6,点开看参考)
1
2000 到 2010 年间,该数字从 25% 稳步上升到 65%。
建议:rise steadily + from...to... + between...and...
📝 看参考答案
The figure rose steadily from 25% to 65% between 2000 and 2010.
2
韩国的普及率大幅飙升,并在 2010 年前后反超美国。
建议:surge + overtake
📝 看参考答案
South Korea's figure surged and overtook the USA around 2010.
3
墨西哥的数字增长缓慢,但始终是三国中最低的。
建议:rise gradually + remain the lowest
📝 看参考答案
Mexico's figure rose gradually but remained the lowest of the three countries.
4
这一时期,家庭上网比例出现了显著增长。(用 There was 名词句)
建议:There was a significant increase in...
📝 看参考答案
There was a significant increase in the percentage of households with internet access during this period.
5
2015 年后,该数字趋于平稳,稳定在 90% 左右。(用 level off + at)
建议:level off + remain stable at
📝 看参考答案
After 2015, the figure levelled off and remained stable at around 90%.
6
总体而言,三国的上网比例在这二十年间均有上升。(Overview 句,不写数字)
建议:Overall + all three + over the period
📝 看参考答案
Overall, internet access increased in all three countries over the two decades.
⏱️
15 分钟课堂练习:给线图写一个"趋势主体段"
🎯 现在把今天学的全用上。只写一个主体段(Body)——不用写引言、不用写整篇。要求:先归类,再用 3–5 句趋势句把变化说清楚。限时 15 分钟,点开始计时。
剑桥雅思 7 Test 2:肉类与鱼类消费变化

The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004. (Source: Cambridge IELTS 7 Test 2)

剑桥雅思7 Test 2 肉类与鱼类消费线图
📖 读图提示:横轴是 1979–2004 年份,纵轴是 每周人均克数。四条线:Beef(牛肉)、Lamb(羊肉)、Chicken(鸡肉)、Fish(鱼类)。注意 Chicken 反超 Beef 的交叉点,以及 Fish 始终最低
💡 动笔前 30 秒:先在脑子里归类
· 下降组:Beef(一路下降)、Lamb(下降最陡)
· 上升组:Chicken(持续上升,最终反超 Beef 成为最高)
· 稳定组 / 最低组:Fish(始终最低,变化不大)
✍️ 写作要点:用 rose / climbed / fell / declined / dropped + 副词 + from...to...;至少用一次 overtookwhereas 做对比;开头可用一句小归类主题句。
⏱ 课堂限时写作
15:00
最后 1 分钟会变红提醒;到点请停笔、检查后导出。
✍️ 你的趋势主体段(一个段落即可,3–5 句)
0 词 / 0 字
🙈 写完再点:参考范例段(先自己写,别偷看!)
Between 1979 and 2004, the four types of meat and fish showed different trends. Beef and lamb consumption both declined, with beef falling from about 220 grams to roughly 100 grams and lamb dropping even more sharply, from 150 grams to around 50 grams. Chicken, by contrast, rose steadily and eventually overtook beef as the most popular choice. Fish, meanwhile, remained the least consumed throughout the period, fluctuating slightly at around 50 grams.

👆 归类主题句 + declined/falling(下降组)+ rose/overtook(上升组)+ meanwhile/fluctuating(稳定组)——正好套今天的词汇和句型。

📌 第1课核心口诀(线图)
升 rise/climb/surge/soar,降 fall/decline/plunge/plummet
平 level off / remain stable,波 fluctuate,峰 peak at / 底 bottom out
幅度成对记:sharply=sharp,steadily=steady,slightly=slight
介词别混:to 到终点 · by 变化量 · at 某一点
先归类再动笔,Overview 只说大势不写数字

📝 课后任务

🤖 每日英文写作表达补充(用元宝或其他AI助手的定时功能)

继续用元宝(或其他AI助手)的定时推送功能,本周专攻趋势表达。

推送指令填:"每天推送一个雅思小作文趋势描述表达(如 surge / level off / peaked at / fluctuate),包括:①英文原词 ②中文意思 ③一个完整例句"

💡 思考题

如果线图里出现预测未来的年份(虚线,如 "…is expected to reach 80% by 2030"),时态该用什么?下节课揭晓(提示:will / is projected to)。