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托福口语 · 第三课

听后复述 · 后三句话精讲
教师:赵日
📅 2026版 ⏱ 2小时 🎯 后3句专项 🔧 长句拆解
1后3句话为什么难?

🧠 核心问题:句子太长,听一遍记不住

前4句话:短句,单词少,能逐字记

后3句话:长句,信息多,必须拆成块才能记

📊 难度对比

句序难度音节数作答时间核心挑战
第1-2句⭐ 简单8-128秒数字、介词
第3-4句⭐⭐ 中等12-1810秒介词短语、并列列举
第5句⭐⭐⭐ 中等+15-2010秒被动语态、时间状语
第6句⭐⭐⭐⭐ 困难20-2812秒条件句、定语从句
第7句⭐⭐⭐⭐ 困难25-3515秒长句拆分、多重信息

💡 本课核心:学会"拆"

后3句话不需要逐字复述,但需要学会:

  • 意群切分:把长句拆成有意义的短语块
  • 关键词提取:抓住不能改的词,其他可以简化
  • 模板套用:匹配固定句型,往里填关键词
2拆解术一:意群切分

🧩 什么是意群?

意群 = 一个完整的意思单元,通常是一个短语或从句。

把长句切成有意义的短语块,每次记一块,而不是一个词一个词记。

📝 意群切分示例

主语The financial aid office 谓语is located 地点on the second floor 补充说明of the administration building

✅ 4个记忆单元,而不是14个单词

📏 意群切分规则

规则示例切分位置
主谓之间可以切The quiet study area / is located...主语后切
介词短语前面切...begin / at the main entrance介词前切
从句前面切If you need help, / IT support is...逗号后切
并列连词前面切...ten books, / and you can also...and/but前切
✏️ 练习:用"/"标出意群切分
① The campus recreation center / is open / from six in the morning / until midnight on weekdays.

✅ 主语 / 谓语 / 时间状语1 / 时间状语2

② If you order your textbooks online, / you can pick them up / at the express counter.

✅ 条件从句 / 主句 / 地点状语

③ The career center, / health services, / and counseling office / will give a brief introduction / during the afternoon session.

✅ 列举1 / 列举2 / 列举3 / 谓语 / 时间状语

④ Before you leave, / please make sure to complete the survey / and pick up your ID card.

✅ 时间状语 / 动作1 / 动作2

⑤ Room assignments / will be posted online / next Friday.

✅ 主语 / 被动谓语 / 时间状语

👉 老师展示标准切分后,学生用自己的话复述句子。

3拆解术二:关键词提取

🔑 什么是关键词?

关键词 = 句子中不能改的词(实词)+ 核心信息词

不需要记住每个词,只需要记住关键词,然后用自己的话补全

📝 关键词提取示例

If you order textbooks online three weeks before, you can pick up at express counter no waiting.

✅ 提取8个关键词,其他可以简化

📏 关键词提取规则

规则必须提取可以简化
名词、动词textbooks, order, pick up副词、介词
数字、时间six, morning, midnight具体日期格式
地点、方式express counter, online详细地址
✏️ 练习:听句子,提取关键词
原句:"The career center, health services, and counseling office will each give a brief introduction to their programs during the afternoon session."

关键词:career center, health services, counseling office, brief introduction, afternoon session

✅ 省略了"each"和"to their programs",但核心信息都在

原句:"If you need help setting up your school email account, our IT support team will be available in the computer lab from noon until four."

关键词:help, email, IT support, computer lab, noon, four

✅ 简化后:"If you need help with email, IT support is in computer lab from noon to four."

👉 学生提取关键词后,用自己的话复述句子。

4拆解术三:模板套用

📋 什么是模板?

后3句话的句型是固定的,可以提前准备模板,听到句子后匹配模板,然后往模板里填关键词。

模板 1
If you [动词], [主句].
条件句模板:if从句 + 主句
关键词:条件动作 + 主句动作
模板 2
[主语] will be [过去分词] [地点/时间].
被动报告模板:主语 + be + 过去分词 + 地点/时间
关键词:主语 + 动作 + 地点/时间
模板 3
[主语], [列举1], [列举2], and [列举3].
并列列举模板:主语 + 三项列举
关键词:主语 + 三项内容
模板 4
Please remember to [动作1] and [动作2].
祈使句模板:Please remember to + 两个动作
关键词:两个动作
✏️ 练习:听句子,匹配模板
句子:"Room assignments will be posted online next Friday."

匹配模板:模板2(被动报告)

句子:"Please remember to bring your course schedule and student ID."

匹配模板:模板4(祈使句)

👉 学生匹配模板后,提取关键词,用模板+关键词复述。

5课堂练习材料

📝 使用说明

以下材料供课堂直接使用,可根据学生水平选择。

🎲 随机抽题 · 完整模拟

从后3句话(共24句)中随机抽取,学生听完立即复述。

📚 练习句子库(后3句 · 24句)

以下为8个场景的第5-7句,可直接用于课堂练习。

场景1 · 图书馆

第⑤句:"The career center, health services, and counseling office will each give a brief introduction to their programs during the afternoon session."

→ 句型:并列列举 + 时间状语

第⑥句:"If you need help setting up your school email account or accessing the wireless network, our IT support team will be available in the computer lab from noon until four."

→ 句型:If条件句

第⑦句:"Before you leave at the end of the day, please make sure to complete the orientation survey at the registration table and pick up your student ID card if you have not already done so."

→ 句型:Before从句 + 祈使句 + if条件从句


场景2 · 宿舍

第⑤句:"Laundry machines are available on every floor, and detergent can be purchased from the vending machines near the elevator."

→ 句型:并列句 + 被动语态

第⑥句:"If you have a roommate conflict that cannot be resolved through discussion, you should contact your resident advisor within the first two weeks of the semester."

→ 句型:If条件句 + 定语从句

第⑦句:"Please remember to turn off all lights and unplug electrical appliances before leaving your room for extended periods, as this helps reduce energy costs and prevents electrical fires."

→ 句型:祈使句 + as原因从句


场景3 · 食堂

第⑤句:"Today's lunch special includes grilled chicken, a side salad, and a bottle of water, and is available from eleven to two."

→ 句型:并列列举 + 时间状语

第⑥句:"If you have dietary restrictions or food allergies, please inform the dining staff when you enter, and they will help you find suitable options."

→ 句型:If条件句 + and并列句

第⑦句:"Students with a meal plan can swipe their ID card to enter the dining area, and guests are welcome to join them for a small additional fee."

→ 句型:并列句 + 被动语态


场景4 · 健身房

第⑤句:"Group fitness classes are offered every weekday at seven in the morning and six in the evening, and are free for all students."

→ 句型:并列句 + 时间状语

第⑥句:"If you want to use the weight room, you must complete a safety training session, which takes about thirty minutes and is offered every hour."

→ 句型:If条件句 + 定语从句

第⑦句:"Please wipe down all equipment after use with the disinfectant wipes provided, and return all weights to their racks when you are finished."

→ 句型:祈使句 + and并列要求


场景5 · 校园导览

第⑤句:"The campus tour will depart from the visitor center at ten o'clock and will last approximately one hour and a half."

→ 句型:并列句 + 时间状语

第⑥句:"If you have any questions during the tour, feel free to ask the guide, who will be happy to provide additional information."

→ 句型:If条件句 + 定语从句

第⑦句:"Maps of the campus are available at the visitor center, and you can also download a digital version from the university website."

→ 句型:并列句 + 被动语态


场景6 · 书店

第⑤句:"Used textbooks are available at a discount of up to fifty percent, and are located in the back of the store."

→ 句型:并列句 + 被动语态 + 地点状语

第⑥句:"If you order your textbooks online at least three weeks before the semester starts, you can pick them up at the express counter without waiting in line."

→ 句型:If条件句

第⑦句:"Please keep your receipt, as you will need it if you decide to return any books for a refund before the add/drop deadline."

→ 句型:祈使句 + as原因从句 + if条件从句


场景7 · 注册

第⑤句:"All students must meet with their academic advisor before enrolling in classes, and should bring a list of proposed courses to the meeting."

→ 句型:并列句 + 情态动词

第⑥句:"If you have transfer credits from another institution, you will need to submit official transcripts by the end of the first week of classes."

→ 句型:If条件句

第⑦句:"Please check your student email account regularly for important updates about registration, as some deadlines may change."

→ 句型:祈使句 + as原因从句


场景8 · 迎新

第⑤句:"The welcome session will take place in the main auditorium, and all new students are expected to attend."

→ 句型:并列句 + 被动语态

第⑥句:"If you arrive late, please enter quietly and take a seat near the door so as not to disturb the speaker."

→ 句型:If条件句 + 祈使句

第⑦句:"After the session, refreshments will be served in the lobby, and you will have the opportunity to meet other new students and ask questions."

→ 句型:并列句 + 被动语态 + 将来时

6完整7句模拟训练

🎯 模拟流程

1播放ETS音频(模拟),连续播放7句话
2学生听完每句话后,立即复述
3全部结束后,自评:哪句对了,哪句错了,为什么错

📊 自评清单

句子复述正确?错在哪里?为什么错?
第1句
第2句
第3句
第4句
第5句
第6句
第7句

📚 场景1 — 图书馆

① "Welcome to the main campus library."
② "The quiet study area is located on the third floor."
③ "Room assignments will be posted online next Friday."
⑤ "The career center, health services, and counseling office will each give a brief introduction to their programs during the afternoon session."
⑥ "If you need help setting up your school email account, our IT support team will be available in the computer lab from noon until four."
⑦ "Before you leave at the end of the day, please make sure to complete the orientation survey at the registration table and pick up your student ID card if you have not already done so."

🏋️ 场景4 — 健身房

① "The campus recreation center is open from six in the morning until midnight."
② "Group fitness classes are available every weekday morning."
⑤ "The swimming pool opens at six in the morning and closes at nine in the evening, except on Sundays."
⑥ "If you are interested in personal training, you can sign up at the front desk for a free consultation."
⑦ "Please remember to bring your student ID and a lock for the locker room every time you come to work out."

🚶 场景6 — 校园导览

① "Welcome to the campus tour this morning."
② "The tour will begin at the main entrance of the student center."
⑤ "The science complex on your right houses the biology, chemistry, and physics departments."
⑥ "If you look to your left as we walk past the east wing, you will see the new media lab, which was funded entirely by alumni donations."
⑦ "At the end of the tour, we will gather in the admissions lobby where you can pick up an information packet."

📖 场景7 — 校园书店

① "The campus bookstore is on the ground floor of the student union."
② "Used copies of most textbooks are on the shelf near the back entrance."
⑤ "The bookstore offers a buyback program at the end of each semester for books in good condition."
⑥ "If you order your textbooks online at least three weeks before the semester starts, you can pick them up at the express counter without waiting in line."
⑦ "Please remember to bring your course schedule and student ID when you come to purchase your books."

🎓 场景8 — 迎新

① "New student orientation begins at nine o'clock in the morning."
② "The welcome session will take place in the main auditorium."
⑤ "The career center, health services, and counseling office will each give a brief introduction to their programs."
⑥ "If you need help setting up your school email account, our IT support team will be available in the computer lab."
⑦ "Before you leave, please make sure to complete the orientation survey and pick up your student ID card."

📚 综合模拟(随机组合)

从8个场景中随机选择7句话,模拟真实考试。

示例:第1句(场景3)+ 第2句(场景1)+ 第5句(场景5)+ 第6句(场景2)+ 第7句(场景8)+ ...
7课后任务

📅 每日练习计划

天数练习内容时间
第1天意群切分练习(10个长句)20分钟
第2天关键词提取练习(10个长句)20分钟
第3天模板匹配练习(10个句子)15分钟
第4天拆分后复述(10个长句)25分钟
第5天完整模拟(3个场景)30分钟

📋 自我评估清单

我能做到吗?✅ 是❌ 否需要练习
我能把长句切成3-4个意群吗?
我能提取长句的关键词吗?
我能匹配句子到对应模板吗?
我能用关键词复述长句吗?
我能在15秒内复述第7句吗?
言之谷 · 教师:赵日 2026